Standard Ethics | Post-crisis ESG from a “Ptolemaic” approach to a “Copernican” vision

In the financial, corporate and academic arenas, the terms Sustainable and Responsible are used without distinction to describe ESG policies. It should be noted, however, that the notions of Sustainability on the one hand, and Corporate Social Responsibility on the other, are alternative concepts and have never been properly differentiated. This distinction could prove useful in the differentiation of the scoring vs rating approach, which would then identify two separate fields of ESG assessment (applicant-pay model vs investor-pay model), and therefore form two different types of regulatory and legislative actions.